2022年 11月 9日

python核心编程答案（第十六章）

 
（一）网络提供的服务分两种: 面向连接的服务和无连接的服务. 

对于无连接的服务(邮寄), 发送信息的计算机把数据以一定的格式封装在帧中, 把目的地址和源地址加在信息头上, 然后把帧交给网络进行发送. 无连接服务是不可靠的. 

对于面向连接的服务(电话), 发送信息的源计算机必须首先与接收信息的目的计算机建立连接. 这种连接是通过三次握手(three hand shaking)的方式建立起来的. 一旦连接建立起来, 相互连接的计算机就可以进行数据交换. 与无连接服务不同, 面向连接的服务是以连接标识符来表示源地址和目的地址的. 面向连接的服务是可靠的, 当通信过程中出现问题时, 进行通信的计算机可以得到及时通知.
（二）
略
（三）
TCP
（四）
服务端
  1. __author__ = 'longlong'
  2. from socket import *
  3. from time import ctime
  4.  
  5. HOST = raw_input('Please input your host:')   #注意主机名不能随便打，我小白。。。发现只有127.XX.XX.XX在本机可以正常使用
  6. PORT = int(raw_input('Please input your port:'))
  7. BUFSIZ = 1024
  8. ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
  9.  
  10. tcpSerSork = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
  11. tcpSerSork.bind(ADDR)
  12. tcpSerSork.listen(5)
  13.  
  14. while True:
  15.     print ('wait for connection...')
  16.     tcpCliSork, addr = tcpSerSork.accept()
  17.     print ('... connected from:', addr)
  18.  
  19.     while True:
  20.         data = tcpCliSork.recv(BUFSIZ)
  21.         if not data:
  22.             break
  23.         tcpCliSork.send('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data))
  24.     tcpCliSork.close()
  25. tcpSerSork.close()


客户端


  1. __author__ = 'longlong'
  2. from socket import *
  3. HOST = raw_input('Please input your host:')  #注意主机名不能随便打，我小白。。。发现只有127.XX.XX.XX在本机可以正常使用
  4. PORT = int(raw_input('Please input your port:'))
  5. ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
  6. BUFSIZE = 1024
  7. tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
  8. tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)
  9.  
  10. while True:
  11.     data = raw_input('>')
  12.     if not data:
  13.         break
  14.     tcpCliSock.send(data)
  15.     data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)
  16.     if not data:
  17.         break
  18.     print data
  19. tcpCliSock.close()


（五）
服务端：


  1. __author__ = 'longlong'
  2. import socket
  3. HOST = ''
  4. PORT = 23456
  5. ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
  6. s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
  7. s.bind(ADDR)
  8. s.listen(1)
  9. conn, addr = s.accept()
  10. print 'connect by', addr
  11. while True:
  12.     data = conn.recv(1024)
  13.     print 'by:', data
  14.     if not data:
  15.         break
  16. conn.close()
  17. s.close()


客户端：
__author__ = 'longlong'
import socket
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 23456
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(ADDR)
while True:
    data = raw_input('Please input your data:')
    s.send(data)
    if not data:
        break
s.close()


进阶：
服务端：
__author__ = 'longlong'
import socket
import time
import os
HOST = ''
PORT = 23445
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind(ADDR)
s.listen(1)
conn, addr = s.accept()
print 'connect by', addr
while True:
    data = conn.recv(1024)
    if data == 'data':
        conn.send(time.ctime(time.time()))
        continue
    if data == 'os':
        conn.send(os.name)
        continue
    if data == 'ls':
        path = os.curdir
        conn.send(' '.join(os.listdir(path)))
        continue
    print 'by:', data
    if not data:
        break
conn.close()
s.close()
客户端：
__author__ = 'longlong'
import socket
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 23445
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(ADDR)
while True:
    data = raw_input('Please input your data:')
    if not data:
        break
    s.send(data)
    data = s.recv(1024)
    print data
s.close()
（六）
>>> import socket
>>> socket.getservbyname('daytime', 'udp')
13
(七)
服务端：
__author__ = 'longlong'
import socket


HOST = raw_input('Please a host name:')
PORT = input('Please input a port:')


ADDR = (HOST, PORT)


s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind(ADDR)
s.listen(1)
print ('wait for a connect...')
conn, addr = s.accept()
print 'connect from', addr
try:
    while True:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        print '<', data
        data = raw_input('>')
        conn.send(data)
        if not data:
            break
except:
    print 'welcome use me next!'
    conn.close()
    s.close()
客户端：
__author__ = 'longlong'
import socket
HOST = raw_input('Please input a host name:')
PORT = input('Please input a port:')
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)


s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(ADDR)
try:
    while True:
        data = raw_input('>')
        if not data:
            break
        s.send(data)
        data = s.recv(1024)
        print '<', data
        if not data:
            break
except:
    print 'welcome use me next!'
    s.close()
（八）（九）（十）
全用多线程写，直接写最高级版本，
实现了各种连接各种聊天，暂时不能私聊。。。
只能群聊
客户端


  1. __author__ = 'longlong'
  2. import socket
  3. import threading
  4.  
  5. outString = ''
  6. inString = ''
  7.  
  8. HOST = raw_input('Please input your server\'s ip:')
  9. nick = raw_input('Please input your nick:')
  10. PORT = 9000
  11. ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
  12. s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
  13. s.connect(ADDR)
  14. s.send(nick)
  15.  
  16.  
  17. def dealOut(conn):
  18.     global outString
  19.     while True:
  20.         outString = raw_input()
  21.         outString = nick+':'+outString
  22.         if not outString:
  23.             return
  24.         conn.send(outString)
  25.  
  26. def dealIn(conn):
  27.     global inString
  28.     while True:
  29.         inString = conn.recv(1024)
  30.         if not inString:
  31.             return
  32.         if inString != outString:
  33.             print inString
  34.  
  35.  
  36. threading.Thread(target=dealIn, args=(s, )).start()
  37. threading.Thread(target=dealOut, args=(s, )).start()


服务端：


  1. __author__ = 'longlong'
  2. import socket
  3. import sys
  4. import threading
  5.  
  6. data = ''
  7. con = threading.Condition()
  8. HOST = raw_input('Please input your host name:')
  9. PORT = 9000
  10. ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
  11.  
  12. s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
  13. s.bind(ADDR)
  14. s.listen(10)
  15.  
  16. def clientThreadIn(conn, nick):
  17.     global data
  18.     while True:
  19.         try:
  20.             temp = conn.recv(1024)
  21.             if temp == nick+':'+'exit':
  22.                 conn.close()
  23.             NotifyAll(temp)
  24.         except:
  25.             NotifyAll(nick+' leave the room')
  26.             s.close()
  27.             break
  28.  
  29.  
  30. def NotifyAll(temp):
  31.     global data
  32.     if con.acquire():
  33.         data = temp
  34.         con.notifyAll()
  35.         con.release()
  36.  
  37.  
  38. def clientThreadOut(conn, nick):
  39.     global data
  40.     while True:
  41.         if con.acquire():
  42.             con.wait()
  43.             if data:
  44.                 try:
  45.                     conn.send(data)
  46.                     con.release()
  47.                 except:
  48.                     con.release()
  49.                     return
  50.  
  51. while True:
  52.     conn, addr = s.accept()
  53.     nick = conn.recv(1024)
  54.     print 'connent with', addr
  55.     NotifyAll('welcome join us '+nick)
  56.     conn.send(data)
  57.     threading.Thread(target=clientThreadIn, args=(conn, nick)).start()
  58.     threading.Thread(target=clientThreadOut, args=(conn, nick)).start()


（十一）
明天继续更新